Why Do We Eat Turkey at Christmas?

Did you know:

Approximately 10 million turkeys are eaten at Christmas, with turkey consumption skyrocketing by 400% during the holiday season.

When you picture a Christmas dinner, a golden roast turkey is often the centerpiece. So, how did the turkey become the centerpiece of Christmas dinner? The tradition is not as ancient as you might think. The history of eating turkey at Christmas is a fascinating story of discovery, practicality, and cultural tradition.

Where did Turkey Originate from?

Turkeys are native to North America and were first brought to Europe by explorers in the early 16th century. Before then, Europeans had never seen the bird. They quickly became popular because they were considered exotic and special. Unlike chickens, which were everyday fare, or peacocks, which were more showpiece than supper, turkeys offered a balance of novelty and practicality.

By the 17th century, turkeys were being farmed in England and enjoyed by the wealthy at banquets. Still, they were far from a common sight on dining tables. For most families, goose, capon, or even roast beef was the more traditional Christmas fare.

The Royal Seal of Approval

One of the turning points came in the reign of King Henry VIII, who is said to have been among the first monarchs to enjoy turkey at Christmas. But it wasn’t until the Victorian period that the bird became firmly tied to the festive season. Charles Dickens’ A Christmas Carol helped popularise the image of a generous Christmas turkey, when Scrooge famously sends a large one to the Cratchit family. This literary moment cemented the bird’s status in the British imagination.

Queen Victoria herself also enjoyed turkey at Christmas, giving the bird a royal endorsement. Once the upper classes adopted turkey as part of their holiday feast, the tradition gradually spread down to middle-class and working-class families.

A Practical Size For a Feast

Another reason turkey became so popular is simple: size. Turkeys are much larger than chickens or ducks, which made them perfect for feeding big families gathered for Christmas. Unlike geese, they also had more lean meat, which made them a practical choice for a centerpiece dish. As farming improved and transportation networks expanded in the 19th and 20th centuries, turkey became more affordable and accessible.

By the mid-20th century, especially in Britain and the United States, turkey had become firmly established as the go-to Christmas roast. The post-war era saw the rise of the “traditional” Christmas dinner as we know it, complete with stuffing, gravy, roast potatoes, and seasonal vegetables surrounding a roast turkey.

Turkey Alternatives for Christmas

Of course, not everyone chooses turkey today. In fact, many families are embracing alternatives, whether for reasons of taste, tradition, or dietary preference. 

Ham: A classic choice, ham is often served on Christmas Day or with leftovers on Boxing Day. It is typically simmered, roasted, and then finished with a sweet glaze, making it a delicious and long-lasting meal.

Goose: Before turkey became the go-to, goose was the traditional Christmas bird. Many families still enjoy it today, as it’s a flavorful option that’s also rich in vitamins. As a whole bird, goose can also be more affordable than other meats.

Chicken: For those who find turkey too dry, chicken is a popular substitute. It’s also a great option for smaller families or for those who don’t have a lot of oven space, as it’s much smaller than a turkey.

Beef: A favorite for Sunday roasts, beef has also earned its place on the Christmas dinner table. A slow-cooked beef roast can be a flavorful alternative for those who prefer something other than poultry.

Pork: A popular main course in countries like Norway and Romania, pork is enjoyed worldwide during the holidays. And, of course, no Christmas feast is complete without the famous side dish, pigs in blankets.

Eric Lyons offers a premium selection of high-quality festive meats so you can find the perfect centerpiece for your Christmas feast. From succulent turkey to classic ham, ensuring you can create a delicious and memorable meal. We deliver direct to your door.

Shop Christmas now